PurpleDuck

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2014-01-04

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	2556		0		0		0
Ø Tier	5,11		0,00		0,00		0,00
Victories	1254	49,06%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	1277	49,96%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	25	0,98%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	576	22,54%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	1793	0,70	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,91		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	2414	0,94	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	462,09		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	3974	1,55	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	1434	0,56	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	333,03		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN7	842,61		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN8	871,24		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	2556
Ø Tier	5,11
Victories	1254	49,06%
Defeats	1277	49,96%
Draws	25	0,98%
Battles survived	576	22,54%
Tanks destroyed	1793	0,70
Destruction ratio	0,91
Tanks spotted	2414	0,94
Damage dealt	462,09
Capture points	3974	1,55
Defense points	1434	0,56
Experience	333,03
WN7	842,61
WN8	871,24

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	2		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	2	100,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	69,50		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	41,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	2
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	2	100,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	69,50
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	41,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	1		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	1	100,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	1	1,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	6,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	1
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	1	100,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	1	1,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	6,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (80)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
KV-1	5	520,51	353	295	53,22%	1151,37
KV-85	6	680,73	447	241	48,55%	1182,73
IS	7	975,38	516	226	48,67%	1403,07
IS-3	8	916,20	468	172	52,33%	934,97
VK 16.02 Leopard	5	255,69	308	108	46,30%	665,94
Jagdpanther	7	528,00	345	86	51,16%	563,49
Jagdpanzer IV	6	479,28	351	81	48,15%	757,85
BDR G1 B	5	459,11	389	79	49,37%	901,52
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J	4	64,39	202	67	44,78%	45,45
StuG III Ausf. G	5	343,35	273	66	53,03%	744,88
ARL 44	6	573,88	388	66	51,52%	914,52
Pz.Kpfw. II Luchs	4	97,28	265	65	38,46%	79,67
Pz.Kpfw. II	2	200,65	253	62	51,61%	937,10
T-150	6	646,33	384	58	50,00%	1000,27
T-28	4	264,89	235	53	47,17%	678,75
SU-85B	4	344,29	248	52	55,77%	830,70
Jagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer	4	312,49	249	45	55,56%	771,85
SU-26	3	215,38	132	39	33,33%	400,12
Pz.Kpfw. III/IV	5	210,76	173	38	34,21%	287,77
SU-85	5	233,34	173	38	50,00%	367,09
VK 28.01	6	222,51	275	35	40,00%	372,87
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. H	5	410,50	350	34	50,00%	1019,64
SU-76M	4	102,90	135	31	58,06%	177,88
Marder II	3	171,10	167	31	48,39%	351,63
Sturmpanzer II	4	282,30	280	27	59,26%	937,32
M5 Stuart	4	143,04	303	27	40,74%	164,35
T1 Heavy	5	290,56	307	27	48,15%	380,13
M3 Lee	4	236,19	196	26	42,31%	639,89
Leichttraktor	1	73,83	116	24	33,33%	98,33
AMX M4 mle. 45	7	894,83	714	23	60,87%	1336,62
M3 Stuart	3	114,09	222	23	34,78%	214,14
SU-18	2	190,87	135	23	47,83%	1197,40
D2	3	115,52	161	21	38,10%	212,20
T-46	3	126,89	158	19	52,63%	395,53
Matilda	4	217,21	272	19	31,58%	329,23
BT-7	4	72,26	145	19	42,11%	31,97
M4A1 Sherman	5	268,81	297	16	56,25%	566,01
T-50-2	6	431,21	347	14	64,29%	1129,89
Vickers Medium Mk. III	3	128,08	125	13	23,08%	266,32
Grille	5	377,83	302	12	66,67%	887,86
Renault FT AC	2	120,82	125	11	54,55%	366,08
M2 Medium Tank	3	175,55	205	11	45,45%	486,52
Panzerjäger I	2	218,25	182	8	50,00%	776,04
Pz.Kpfw. 38 (t)	3	170,50	215	8	50,00%	497,10
MS-1	1	141,71	239	7	57,14%	727,26
Renault UE 57	3	194,00	274	6	83,33%	665,17
BT-2	2	88,83	200	6	66,67%	403,44
T3 HMC	2	152,83	117	6	33,33%	450,06
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E	3	57,83	115	6	33,33%	3,10
T-26	2	130,50	185	6	66,67%	645,76
Sturmpanzer I Bison	3	152,40	225	5	60,00%	489,12
AT-1	2	13,00	125	5	60,00%	161,35
T1 Cunningham	1	143,00	224	5	40,00%	712,03
Object 252U Defender	8	761,40	472	5	40,00%	496,11
T2 Medium Tank	2	107,75	201	4	75,00%	586,59
Vickers Medium Mk. II	2	212,25	237	4	50,00%	976,40
B1	4	109,00	98	4	25,00%	32,46
D1	2	59,00	170	4	75,00%	264,10
SDP 44 Burza	6	709,25	492	4	50,00%	1072,50
Vickers Medium Mk. I	1	159,75	118	4	25,00%	681,77
M2 Light	2	135,33	280	3	66,67%	599,34
Type 3 Ju-Nu	6	600,33	598	3	66,67%	860,30
VK 30.01 (P)	6	1167,33	1063	3	100,00%	1995,21
Wespe	3	104,00	150	3	66,67%	362,47
AMX 50 100	8	713,50	544	2	50,00%	563,42
Vickers Mk. E Type B	2	69,00	129	2	50,00%	114,21
Light Mk. VIC	2	140,00	305	2	100,00%	825,65
Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. D	2	28,00	91	2	0,00%	0,00
Super Hellcat	7	245,50	288	2	50,00%	161,82
Pz.Kpfw. 38 (t) n.A.	4	158,50	203	2	50,00%	380,54
SU-5	4	155,50	156	2	50,00%	226,76
Pz.Kpfw. 35 (t)	2	175,00	301	2	50,00%	854,64
VK 28.01 mit 10,5 cm L/28	6	448,00	708	1	100,00%	1216,25
Renault FT	1	116,00	237	1	100,00%	725,41
MKA	2	51,00	39	1	0,00%	0,00
M24E2 Super Chaffee	6	816,00	561	1	100,00%	2022,20
Type 63	8	0,00	12	1	0,00%	0,00
M2	2	63,00	55	1	0,00%	29,19
LTP	3	91,00	36	1	0,00%	144,44
Renault NC-31	1	180,00	109	1	0,00%	1024,98

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[GR0M] GROM

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2014-01-04

[GR0M] GROM

Position: Recruit

Joined: 2014-01-04

PurpleDuck

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (80)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history