BOSS_237

Position: Junior officer

Joined: 2017-11-04

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	1982		0		0		0
Ø Tier	5,21		0,00		0,00		0,00
Victories	966	48,74%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	999	50,40%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	17	0,86%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	498	25,13%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	1273	0,64	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,86		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	1559	0,79	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	429,60		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	1548	0,78	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	725	0,37	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	335,66		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN7	744,93		0,00		0,00		0,00
WN8	774,07		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	1982
Ø Tier	5,21
Victories	966	48,74%
Defeats	999	50,40%
Draws	17	0,86%
Battles survived	498	25,13%
Tanks destroyed	1273	0,64
Destruction ratio	0,86
Tanks spotted	1559	0,79
Damage dealt	429,60
Capture points	1548	0,78
Defense points	725	0,37
Experience	335,66
WN7	744,93
WN8	774,07

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Ø Tier	0,00
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00
WN7	0,00
WN8	0,00

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	22		0		0		0
Victories	8	36,36%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	14	63,64%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	5	22,73%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	9	0,41	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,53		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	11	0,50	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	400,73		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	20	0,91	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	48	2,18	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	222,05		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	22
Victories	8	36,36%
Defeats	14	63,64%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	5	22,73%
Tanks destroyed	9	0,41
Destruction ratio	0,53
Tanks spotted	11	0,50
Damage dealt	400,73
Capture points	20	0,91
Defense points	48	2,18
Experience	222,05

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (81)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
M4A3E8 Sherman	6	370,21	313	215	46,51%	537,72
M4A1 Sherman	5	234,51	266	139	46,04%	402,23
VK 28.01	6	353,65	345	137	46,72%	939,91
KV-3	7	947,05	524	129	51,16%	1206,96
T-150	6	398,09	353	104	53,85%	547,14
KV-1	5	371,21	302	62	54,84%	705,98
M3 Lee	4	130,63	218	59	55,93%	341,63
IS-2-II	8	1103,40	563	57	54,39%	1246,11
Rheinmetall Skorpion G	8	616,00	358	56	46,43%	480,53
ST-I	9	1113,42	584	53	45,28%	845,68
Pz.Kpfw. II Luchs	4	171,23	233	52	55,77%	560,76
KV-4	8	1072,18	619	49	67,35%	1301,03
Pz.Kpfw. I Ausf. C	3	160,95	271	42	54,76%	728,81
Spähpanzer SP I C	7	650,88	531	42	42,86%	1202,73
M37	4	200,39	173	41	43,90%	484,63
T-29	3	198,23	240	39	48,72%	573,10
LT vz. 38	3	138,68	185	38	52,63%	458,84
VK 16.02 Leopard	5	210,18	239	38	39,47%	443,72
Sav m/43	4	269,43	231	35	45,71%	610,59
Sturmpanzer II	4	217,37	166	35	42,86%	505,13
Ikv 103	5	656,90	449	31	41,94%	1736,28
Marder 38T	4	374,21	293	29	48,28%	863,20
M41	5	298,46	260	26	53,85%	368,00
Type 4 Ju-To	7	1106,08	772	26	57,69%	1481,07
T-28	4	140,08	175	26	38,46%	163,38
Ikv 72	3	134,33	140	24	45,83%	210,82
Panhard AMD 178B	6	418,83	415	24	50,00%	1110,43
M7 Priest	3	159,00	149	24	50,00%	317,02
Sturmpanzer I Bison	3	168,26	168	19	31,58%	383,01
Super Hellcat	7	850,47	649	19	57,89%	1300,79
TKS z n.k.m. 20 mm	2	83,12	221	17	64,71%	441,12
Nashorn	6	713,38	378	16	18,75%	980,10
Marder II	3	290,86	244	14	50,00%	970,81
Type 91 Heavy	3	105,36	147	14	35,71%	84,95
M2 Medium Tank	3	164,54	273	13	53,85%	524,43
Type 97 Chi-Ha	3	122,08	162	13	38,46%	158,91
BT-7 artillery	3	482,92	558	12	50,00%	2601,06
M2 Light	2	128,17	192	12	33,33%	289,06
T-46	3	174,08	196	12	58,33%	733,28
G.Pz. Mk. VI (e)	2	34,42	97	12	58,33%	190,17
Pz.Sfl. IVc	5	420,00	189	11	27,27%	677,16
Renault FT AC	2	89,80	105	10	30,00%	91,48
T-116	3	281,10	341	10	50,00%	1267,88
AMX 50 Foch (155)	10	1383,70	694	10	50,00%	911,01
Valiant	5	811,89	692	9	22,22%	2252,38
Renault R35	2	165,63	205	8	25,00%	588,29
ST vz. 39	4	305,13	272	8	50,00%	855,65
Pvlvv fm/42	2	43,75	82	8	37,50%	17,02
Type 95 Heavy	4	62,00	109	7	42,86%	44,79
Pz.Kpfw. I	2	17,67	198	6	100,00%	261,00
Type 3 Ju-Nu	6	1273,17	910	6	66,67%	2227,33
T1 HMC	2	50,17	86	6	66,67%	266,20
T-26	2	72,60	158	5	60,00%	281,67
LT vz. 35	2	120,20	202	5	60,00%	511,85
MKA	2	244,00	311	5	20,00%	846,09
Chi-Ni	2	122,80	258	5	80,00%	639,31
Leichttraktor	1	80,40	165	5	20,00%	136,76
M15/42	3	307,00	320	4	50,00%	924,30
M3 Stuart	3	31,00	158	4	50,00%	96,26
AMX 40	4	194,75	253	4	50,00%	673,80
AMR 35	2	58,00	118	4	50,00%	118,91
7TP	2	50,00	78	3	33,33%	0,00
Matilda	4	263,33	250	3	33,33%	428,72
M14/41	2	61,00	176	3	100,00%	261,00
Panzerjäger I	2	133,00	211	3	100,00%	529,70
IS-4	10	1421,33	777	3	33,33%	752,07
Type 89 I-Go/Chi-Ro	2	78,33	158	3	33,33%	55,77
Kolohousenka	1	125,67	182	3	0,00%	419,57
Renault FT	1	136,50	311	2	50,00%	698,04
4TP	1	235,50	299	2	0,00%	905,36
Renault Otsu	1	40,50	178	2	50,00%	74,72
T1 Cunningham	1	62,00	238	1	100,00%	375,55
Cruiser Mk. I	1	360,00	501	1	100,00%	2373,57
Valentine	3	1211,00	999	1	100,00%	7419,84
Pz.Sfl. IC	4	658,00	144	1	0,00%	1618,04
T2 Medium Tank	2	533,00	1286	1	100,00%	4957,19
AMX 38	3	223,00	465	1	100,00%	902,12
Leopard 1	10	426,00	356	1	0,00%	10,21
T-45	2	148,00	161	1	0,00%	426,29
MS-1	1	30,00	42	1	0,00%	0,00
Strv fm/21	1	85,00	192	1	100,00%	458,67

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[TCZSK] Tygři CZ+SK

Position: Junior officer

Joined: 2017-11-04

[TCZSK] Tygři CZ+SK

Position: Private

Joined: 2017-11-04

Left: 2024-12-24

BOSS_237

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (81)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history