udo3232

Position: Private

Joined: 2013-08-28

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	28711		3		61		161
Ø Tier	3,36		4,00		4,00		4,01
Victories	14240	49,60%	2	66,67%	31	50,82%	84	52,17%
Defeats	14117	49,17%	1	33,33%	29	47,54%	74	45,96%
Draws	354	1,23%	0	0,00%	1	1,64%	3	1,86%
Battles survived	8261	28,77%	2	66,67%	20	32,79%	50	31,06%
Tanks destroyed	18767	0,65	2	0,67	38	0,62	122	0,76
Destruction ratio	0,92		2,00		0,93		1,10
Tanks spotted	26404	0,92	0	0,00	52	0,85	132	0,82
Damage dealt	229,99		340,67		369,57		397,72
Capture points	24851	0,87	0	0,00	82	1,34	118	0,73
Defense points	19008	0,66	0	0,00	25	0,41	41	0,25
Experience	237,05		264,33		237,56		274,75
WN7	496,34		796,29		786,17		866,96
WN8	715,79		1119,91		1100,66		1105,19

Total
Battles	28711
Ø Tier	3,36
Victories	14240	49,60%
Defeats	14117	49,17%
Draws	354	1,23%
Battles survived	8261	28,77%
Tanks destroyed	18767	0,65
Destruction ratio	0,92
Tanks spotted	26404	0,92
Damage dealt	229,99
Capture points	24851	0,87
Defense points	19008	0,66
Experience	237,05
WN7	496,34
WN8	715,79

Past 24 hours
Battles	3
Ø Tier	4,00
Victories	2	66,67%
Defeats	1	33,33%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	2	66,67%
Tanks destroyed	2	0,67
Destruction ratio	2,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	340,67
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	264,33
WN7	796,29
WN8	1119,91

Past 7 days
Battles	61
Ø Tier	4,00
Victories	31	50,82%
Defeats	29	47,54%
Draws	1	1,64%
Battles survived	20	32,79%
Tanks destroyed	38	0,62
Destruction ratio	0,93
Tanks spotted	52	0,85
Damage dealt	369,57
Capture points	82	1,34
Defense points	25	0,41
Experience	237,56
WN7	786,17
WN8	1100,66

Past 30 days
Battles	161
Ø Tier	4,01
Victories	84	52,17%
Defeats	74	45,96%
Draws	3	1,86%
Battles survived	50	31,06%
Tanks destroyed	122	0,76
Destruction ratio	1,10
Tanks spotted	132	0,82
Damage dealt	397,72
Capture points	118	0,73
Defense points	41	0,25
Experience	274,75
WN7	866,96
WN8	1105,19

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (78)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
Type 5 Ke-Ho	4	334,31	272	10349	50,77%	1057,69
LTP	3	147,40	195	6184	48,72%	569,83
Pz.Kpfw. II	2	114,59	237	3270	50,24%	360,74
MKA	2	209,55	231	3029	51,47%	748,84
T-34 shielded	5	388,88	325	1139	48,81%	810,52
Leichttraktor	1	32,83	118	606	41,58%	9,47
VK 28.01	6	312,52	274	381	47,77%	713,02
T1 Cunningham	1	84,58	160	327	47,09%	327,16
VK 30.01 (D)	6	174,61	242	238	46,22%	109,60
VK 16.02 Leopard	5	181,17	229	232	46,55%	388,03
M3 Light	3	94,14	145	227	44,49%	243,32
Pz.Kpfw. III/IV	5	133,27	168	203	43,35%	112,25
Pz.Kpfw. II Luchs	4	100,18	206	194	56,70%	246,25
VK 30.02 (D)	7	358,32	332	191	51,83%	397,78
SU-26	3	130,97	132	173	46,82%	195,92
Spähpanzer SP I C	7	335,59	283	144	40,28%	364,33
Super Hellcat	7	492,42	371	125	50,40%	537,43
M2 Light	2	102,28	177	121	49,59%	264,95
T-50	5	137,29	186	114	44,74%	232,34
Light Mk. VIC	2	69,99	139	107	44,86%	168,09
T-116	3	198,96	187	101	43,56%	709,83
Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. G	3	116,55	208	100	60,00%	399,03
M24E2 Super Chaffee	6	297,11	357	99	51,52%	641,20
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. J	4	96,41	167	96	56,25%	146,59
T-29	3	183,92	189	93	49,46%	510,95
Type 98 Ke-Ni	3	115,69	172	75	54,67%	356,05
Pz.Sfl. IC	4	201,03	233	61	37,70%	327,76
T-50-2	6	307,41	297	61	54,10%	705,52
Renault FT	1	9,15	67	59	54,24%	120,77
Type 3 Chi-Nu	5	155,86	187	57	50,88%	243,59
Type 97 Te-Ke	2	102,51	136	55	43,64%	313,83
T1E6	2	55,63	109	43	44,19%	41,28
VK 28.01 mit 10,5 cm L/28	6	219,61	238	41	43,90%	286,46
Marder II	3	99,71	135	41	53,66%	152,50
43 M. Toldi III	3	65,95	131	37	51,35%	192,08
T-34-85	6	288,43	237	35	37,14%	244,38
KV-1SA	5	281,81	280	31	48,39%	368,41
Renault Otsu	1	71,00	121	28	32,14%	74,38
Type 95 Ha-Go	2	68,08	94	25	28,00%	43,91
T7 Combat Car	2	53,38	127	21	42,86%	46,29
Pz.Kpfw. II Ausf. D	2	64,89	146	19	47,37%	104,84
Kolohousenka	1	51,53	115	17	47,06%	54,65
L-60	2	52,23	179	13	61,54%	222,57
T2 Medium Tank	2	71,73	164	11	54,55%	241,58
LT vz. 35	2	106,60	128	10	50,00%	332,37
Strv S1	8	333,40	231	10	20,00%	28,69
SU-100Y	6	651,30	248	10	20,00%	843,05
WZ-120-1G FT	8	529,40	300	10	30,00%	248,29
Type 64	6	338,60	273	10	30,00%	496,18
M4A1 Revalorisé	8	314,56	189	9	22,22%	62,40
AMX ELC 901	6	113,67	340	9	66,67%	262,13
Vickers Medium Mk. I	1	55,86	89	7	42,86%	51,20
Patton the Tank	9	621,29	262	7	28,57%	290,66
Panzerjäger I	2	41,33	136	6	66,67%	220,71
Fantôme	9	638,80	328	5	20,00%	269,72
Strv fm/21	1	55,50	71	4	0,00%	36,99
Leopard 1	10	213,50	172	4	0,00%	0,00
Gabler’s Destroyer	5	175,75	314	4	50,00%	325,32
MTLS-1G14	3	312,67	206	3	0,00%	1077,97
Black Prince II	7	158,67	310	3	33,33%	0,00
T-34 with L-11	4	156,67	221	3	0,00%	242,70
Pawlack Tank	6	77,33	275	3	66,67%	261,00
Object 261	10	0,00	336	3	33,33%	0,00
GSOR the TANK	9	621,50	263	2	50,00%	392,05
Pz.Kpfw. IV Ausf. F2	5	167,50	201	2	50,00%	201,35
AMX M4 mle. 49	8	159,50	561	2	100,00%	261,00
G.Pz. Mk. VI (e)	2	0,00	58	2	50,00%	113,16
S-51	7	14,50	380	2	50,00%	135,20
ARL 44	6	169,50	68	2	0,00%	0,00
TKS z n.k.m. 20 mm	2	67,00	142	1	100,00%	337,19
Indien-Panzer	8	192,00	441	1	100,00%	261,00
AMR 35	2	28,00	97	1	100,00%	261,00
T1 HMC	2	0,00	82	1	100,00%	261,00
M-IV-Y	8	1083,00	1023	1	100,00%	1029,26
Strv m/31	3	273,00	397	1	100,00%	715,53
SMV CC-64 Vipera	8	0,00	123	1	0,00%	0,00
Straussler V–4/40	3	46,00	172	1	100,00%	261,00
SU-14-2	8	0,00	18	1	0,00%	0,00

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[ESQ] Elite Tank Squad

Position: Private

Joined: 2013-08-28

[ESQ] Elite Tank Squad

Position: Private

Joined: 2013-08-28

Left: 2024-12-24

udo3232

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (78)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history